Lalji's Blog: January 2020

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Atanu Bhattacharya

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Department of English many times organizing guest lectures for the knowing new way about subject so as a part of academic session Pro. Dilip Barad sir organised three days session on ELT-2 which conducted bt Pro. Atanu Bhattacharya who came from central university of Gujarat.

During those days Pro. Atanu Bhattacharya talked on English language Teaching. As far as I can tell that he has good skill of teaching learning because I think he mixed traditional and modern teaching method and I want to add that sir not only talked about one way but he involved us into discussion and through various kind of Group activity. Really I enjoyed three days so here I am sharing m views so may be my experiences are different rather than other students. So without waste of time let's start academic journey together...!

First day:-

Sorry.... here I want to honestly say that When first day of guest lecture at that time I came late so I did not attended welcome ceremony but When I came at that time may be sir talked about History of English language and I also know through this information through PDF which mail by Pro. Dilip Barad sir. Generally Pro. Atanu sir talked about History of English language in India from Western country with some interesting example. During first day Pro. Atanu Sir informed us about concept of Aristotle on implied English language teaching. More over Sir talked about from roots of English language to nowadays condition with certain writer's works and their styles. After recess time Sir try to clarify about difference between Natural method and Direct method with some kind of examples and he mentioned benefits or disadvantages. At the end of the first day few minutes talked on Phonetic.

Second day:-

I reckon that " Day by day I am getting better and better" and every day start with some kind of new energy, strength and new thought. Same happen with me that second day remained more fruitful for me because that day Pro. Atanu sir introduced us about various function or acts of speech. I more interested into theoretical Background and historical background of India in vivid field of education system. I want to more add that Sir has deep knowledge about background because sir talked with all information with proof or authenticity. That day sit talked on Macaulay's education system and act of 1835 or Charter act.

During that day, after recess Pro. Atanu sir talked on interesting methodology like, grammar translation method, function approach..etc. That day Pro. Atanu sir also given group tasks based on poetry. May be class divided in to Five - six groups. There were tasks like filling gaps to proper words with appropriate rhyme schemes. That activity remain fantastic and second day remain more lively rather tan first day.

Third day:-

On the last day we have no more time to interacted with sir because after recess organizes combine session. any way... last day we discussed on three major things like Testing, Evaluation and Assessment. Before that lecture, I believed that those three words used similarly but Sir skillfully created minor different between that three words.

More over Pro. Atanu sir explained about types of testing like,

Proficiency test ( based on language),
Achievement test ( completed level),
Diagnostic test( known ability and weakness),
Placement tests( without country boundary, online courses),
Norm- referenced test ( deign of institution),
Criterion- referenced test ( very high level test).

Before recess we completed one group task which based on rubric evaluation.

Combine session:-

I think combine session started at 3 o'clock with new subject. There were Pro. Atanu sir talked briefly about history of English studies foundation, Institutionalized power, Educational Initiatives, Linguistic Explorations, Visual culture: Film studies, Asian Literature...etc. I have to mentioned that during last topic I leaved class for emergency work so after that what happen ? I don't know.

Thus, We enjoyed a lot during those day and also know new words, full forms of the specific words and knowledge about English language. This three days remain fruitful for me so thanks to Pro. Dilip barad sir for organizing this glorious session and thanks to Pro. Atanu Bhattacharya for interaction with us and shared your knowledge with us.

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Saturday, January 25, 2020

How " Harry Potter" shape me?

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Here difficult to me say about How Harry potter shaped me ? because I can't see or describe all the effect of Harry Potter on me but I notify here some points during group work or movie screening on Harry Potter which may be I think shaping me.

Children to Adult:-

Harry potter's series leads to me from childhood to adulthood and It's work progressive way so I felt sometime that I am also grown up with all characters. If they faced trouble at that time I felt like, I am Harry or Ron and I fight with them. Their's enemies are my enemies... any way. But I learnt that all the moments of the life which have good or bad but It's shaping us different way. Harry potter never become old for who has reading habit because it's talked about world of mystery and magic. When I watched Harry Potter's all parts at that time I forgotten all the factor of life. I never forget even today's background and piano music, costume and various wands. While Harry Potter grew up, I also grew up alongside them. Harry potter has so many themes but I affected from that How friendship or relationship help ? or I believe that Harry Potter is not only story for children but it's story of hope, moral messages and principles of life which help me a lot.

Lifetime fan of this magical universe:-

If you like read and watch magical world or If you searching real meaning of life so "Harry Potter" is one of the best example for that. Harry Potter few ways forever shaped my life as a lifetime fan of this magical universe using some of the well-known spells from the magical world.

Chance to go magical world:-

When the moment the Harry Potter to fight against power, adventure at that time I put myself there because I like adventure and I also do so many time. I like and follow also on more thing from Harry potter is that he has curiosity of knowing something new which I learn from him. If I get a chance to go magical world so I am ready often to learn new magical things. If I became as Harry so I like to more talked with Hagrid and Hermine. If sending me to the library in search of books that would invoke the same feeling of wonder and wanderlust within me. This eventually pushed me to read what would soon become my favorite book series of all time and it fueled my spirit to ask questions, explore and adventure on.It was something I hadn't asked for, but that I wanted and needed (like the sword of Godric Gryffindor finding its way to Harry). Accio wonder. Accio friendship. Accio hope. Accio Harry Potter.

New challenge to face:-

In the movie scenes of adventure struck me as awe-inspiring. I had never seen anything so incredible, ironically, realistic and also the scenes of battle and travel taught me was not that I should learn to skillfully wield a wand to defeat Lord Voldemort but that I was strong. Like Harry and his friends, I would always have a new challenge to face and overcome though my challenges consisted of fewer dementors. If the Golden Trio could succeed, so could I it was my own, personal Incendio charm.

This allows for everyone to share their thoughts with one another and learn from them. But it can also be difficult to make friends with others who you feel just don't understand you, especially if you were like me and would much rather read a book as a kid than interact with others.

Mystical world:-

One thing I have found as a young adult, though, is that no matter where you go, somebody out there loves Harry Potter just as much as you do. With this shared bond over a group of characters and magical history, it can begin to feel like you attended Hogwarts together, making it almost impossible not to make friends with someone who has a passion for this mystical world. In that way, Harry Potter unlocks courage, and unlocks friendship. Many of us are Hogwarts alumni at heart.

Fight against every new obstacle:-

As the series moves forward, the films become progressively darker both figuratively and literally but Harry learns to fight against every new obstacle that enters his path, no matter how difficult it is for this overworked teen. If only subconsciously, Harry's ability to fight, learn, and overcome taught me to value the power of love and friendship when overcoming any kind of darkness. His journey taught me to look beyond my comfort zone, reach out to others, and embrace my emotions to take on the world. In that way, I kind of learned how to cast my own Expecto Patronum charm whenever I need to, and I have to say it's been very useful.

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Tuesday, January 21, 2020

Christianity and Harry Potter Series

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Christianity and Harry Potter Series: How many times Harry and his friends visit Church? How often in the moments of crisis when they are helpless, clueless, they pray to God for Grace or Mercy? How many times God’s Grace saves them from the Devil Lord Voldemort? Does J.K. Rowling use Christianity at any level in the entire Harry Potter series?

At least some wizards are known to subscribe to a form of Christianity though little concrete information is available on the subject. Wizards celebrate the two major Christian festivals, Easter and Christmas. Hallowe'en and Valentine's Day also have Christian origins. The Fat Friar was, in his lifetime, a Roman Catholic friar who was executed for witchcraft. Lingering in the mortal world as a ghost, he would thereafter be always resentful of the fact that he was never made a cardinal.

Christianity lies right beneath the surface of this seventh and final Harry Potter novel, but it requires careful eyes and ears to detect it. Most obviously, the Cloak of Invisibility, the Resurrection Stone, and the Elder Wand are author J. K. Rowling's Deathly Hallows, which have miraculous powers enabling the bearer to move unseen, to contact the dead, and to perform heroic feats.

However, Rowling also alludes to hallows and death by revealing the epitaphs on the tombstones of Harry's parents, James and Lily Potter; both died on October 31,1981. Traditionally, Halloween is the night when evil runs rampant in the world. Ghosts, ghouls, goblins, and, alas, Lord Voldemort himself, hold sway. However, the following two days in the Christian calendar are All Saints Day and All Souls Day where those faithful people who have died are acknowledged for their steadfast lives here on earth. Harry may wear the lightning-shaped scar Voldemort has inflicted on his forehead, but he is destined to honor his parents by confronting the snake-eyed slayer of his parents. The name Voldemort, one might add, is anything but a hallowed one.

Christian naysayers decried Harry Potter because they assumed Rowling was faithless, but after Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows was published she admitted that her religion influenced her writing. For years, readers pestered Rowling about whether or not Christian themes were actually present in her books or if believers were just projecting them into the story. Finally, after Harry’s fate was revealed in the seventh installment, Rowling admitted that Christianity, particularly her struggles with the faith, inspired her to write the series. She explained her reluctance to admit her faith because to her “the religious parallels have always been obvious” and she was afraid that it would have revealed the series’ end. In response to those who assumed Rowling was a witch, she insisted that she is simply a writer of children’s fantasy who uses magic as a plot device. She also explained that her children were christened and that they regularly attended the Church of Scotland, whose leader praised her work. It is clear that Rowling purposely weaved religious themes throughout the story. When asked about her views on the afterlife, Rowling said that at any given moment she would answer that she does believe in life after death, yet the concept is something she struggles with. If Rowling depicted the specific facets of belief that she grappled with in Harry Potter, as she admitted to doing earlier, it makes sense that she would include a Christian version of the afterlife within her story. Her shaky acceptance of such an afterlife also explains why she left the destination of departed souls vague, so that readers wrestling with similar issues could discover that they are not alone in their struggles.

From the time Joanne Rowling published Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone under the pen name J. K. Rowling in 1997 until the release of her newest work, the screenplay for Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, in November 2018, the series has been under intense scrutiny. Despite Rowling’s admission that Christianity inspired her writing, critics continue to attack the Harry Potter series and its prequels without remorse. Even in light of the evidence against their claims, Christian detractors either fail to see the religious themes of the books or acknowledge them as minor details in a narrative which depicts the witchcraft in a positive light.

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Moral and Philosophical reading of Harry Potter

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Moral and Philosophical reading of Harry Potter: How does the concept of ‘evil breeds evil’ unfold in Harry Potter? What is the significance of Harry being one of the Horcruxes?

One of the morals of the story is that you never know what you are capable of until you try. Harry was faced with extraordinary circumstances, and he was able to rise to the challenge. He found reserves of bravery within himself, as well as special abilities.

Harry Potter had no idea that he was a wizard, of course. When he was eleven years old, he found out he was a wizard and was whisked off to wizarding school. That was pretty unusual. Until then, he had no idea he was “The Boy Who Lived” or that he had famous parents.

From the beginning, Harry exhibited traits of bravery and curiosity. He saw Hagrid take something from a vault at Gringotts, and he wanted to protect it. He thought that it was Snape who was after it, and about that he was wrong, but at least he tried to protect Hogwarts. Harry made friends based on their character traits and not prestige. He discovered that he had talents he never knew he had, including an aptitude to play the sport Quidditch.

Harry risked his life to follow the Sorceror’s Stone deep into the castle to stop anyone from taking it. He thought it was Snape, but it turned out to be Quirrell. Harry was brave enough to fight off Quirrell, even though he was harboring Voldemort.

Harry jumped to his feet, caught Quirrell by the arm, and hung on as tight as he could. Quirrell screamed and tried to throw Harry off – the pain in Harry's head was building -- he couldn't see -- he could only hear Quirrell's terrible shrieks and Voldemort's yells of, "KILL HIM!... (Ch. 17)

Harry is later told by Dumbledore that he saved the stone because he wanted to rescue it, and not use it. In this way, the person who took the stone had to have good intentions. Harry had good intentions, whereas Quirrell and Voldemort did not.

In contrast to the stoic moral teaching Kern (2001, 2003) finds in the Harry Potter series, the analysis presented here finds evidence of an Aristotelian account of virtue in J.K. Rowling’s works. Like Aristotle, Rowling recognizes the centrality of friendship to moral development. In short, the friends we have go a long way to making us the person we are to become. Rowling teaches her reader that doing the right thing is not always easy, but that we can do the right thing with the help of our friends. She also reinforces Aristotle’s conclusion that the only friendships worthy of this title are those grounded on virtue. Moreover, Rowling shows us that we are not isolated individuals, but members of a community really committed to good or just principles. Rowling drives these moral lessons home when Dumbledore reminds the students of Hogwarts that “we are only strong as we are united, as weak as we are divided. Lord Voldemort’s gift for spreading discord and enmity is very great. We can fight it only by showing an equally strong bond of friendship and trust”

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The theme of Love and Death

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The theme of Love and Death: How does Harry Potter make use of age old theme of Love of the dead as well as living as protecting armour? How does Harry Potter deal with the concept of Death as something inevitable?

At the center of The Sorcerer’s Stone is the importance of love from both family and friends. Though Harry’s parents, Lily and James, love him a great deal, they die when he is very young, and he is placed in the care of his Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon, Muggle relatives who treat him terribly. When he goes to school at Hogwarts, Harry gains a group of friends—primarily Ron and Hermione—who demonstrate that the love at the heart of friendship can be just as important as that at the heart of familial ties. Ultimately, as Harry learns about his magical abilities and tries to thwart the forces of evil in the wizarding world, Rowling argues that love, family, and friendship serve as forms of protection that help Harry to overcome whatever challenges come his way.

Through Lily and James’s sacrifices for their son, they demonstrate that family can be a life-saving source of love. Harry’s story starts in the aftermath of his parent’s death. When he is only a year old, an evil wizard named Voldemort goes to the Potter home in order to kill Lily and James. Both are killed trying to protect their son, but Lily’s sacrifice in particular prevents Voldemort from being able to kill Harry, as it is implied that this love gives him a kind of magical protection. Additionally, when he tries to kill Harry, Voldemort becomes incredibly weak and disappears. The sacrifice that Lily makes continues to protect him even later in his life. Harry comes face-to-face with Voldemort again at the end of the novel; he has returned, even though he is weak, by taking over the body of a Hogwarts professor named Quirrell. Professor Quirrell is unable to touch Harry without being burned, which ultimately prevents him from being able to kill Harry. Dumbledore, the headmaster at Hogwarts, later reveals to Harry that Lily’s love is indeed what protected Harry and kept Quirrell from being able to touch him. Dumbledore explains that “to have been loved so deeply, even though the person who loved us is gone, will give us some protection forever.” Thus, love becomes essentially the ultimate force for good and a weapon against evil.

J.K. Rowling is able to examine death in the Harry Potter book series. In the first part of the text the author touches on the deaths of Harry's parents and the scarring that Harry receives from that, as well as an examination of how the deaths of others, from close friends to acquaintances, have affected Harry, specifically pertaining to his personal responsibility for them and also his grieving process. The paper also goes into how Voldemort's inability to feel love, paired with his fear of dying, have pushed his quest for immortality (using Horcruxes). Harry's mastery of death (using the Hallows), his willingness to accept death, and his sense of love and sacrifice for his friends is what enables him to finally defeat Voldemort. The main message is that the Harry Potter books are great entertainment, but their underlying philosophy on death creates a depth that Rowling wants us to learn from: death is a part of life, and seeking love and friendship is much more important than worrying about death.

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The theme of Choice and Chance

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The theme of Choice and Chance: How Harry Potter does discusses the antithetical concepts of ‘choice’ and ‘chance’?

· one’s choices and the inevitability of one’s mortality. ( Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort)

· Somewhere choices made in the novels are not all for the good. (Ex. Peter Pettigrew makes the choice to betray his friends). Hero sacrifices his/her choice for others.

· Malfoy choose Voldemort’s way or choice and becomes a Death Eater himself.

· Tom chooses at a young age to cause pain to others.

· Tom and Harry were highlighting the priority of choices over abilities. Harry and Voldemort preferred different choices for use of their abilities. Draco also chooses choice to support good which make him good at the end.

“It Is Our Choices”:-

...Over and over again in the novels it is made clear that it is a person’s choices and actions that are the defining elements of his moral character. It is not our ancestry, social roles, or wealth that makes us who we are. It is, as Albus Dumbledore tells Harry in Chamber of Secrets, “our choices . . . that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities” (CoS p. 333). The key action before the first book of the series begins is Lily Potter’s choice to protect her son at the cost of her own life. Later, Hermione Granger makes the heroic choice to challenge the racism behind the slavery of the house-elves. Neville Longbottom chooses not to step aside so that Harry, Ron, and Hermione can leave their dormitory to go looking for the Sorcerer’s Stone, and Neville chooses in Deathly Hallows to fight on at Hogwarts even after the Death Eaters take over. The choices made in the novels are not all for the good. Peter Pettigrew makes the choice to betray his friends and thus forever casts his lot with the forces of evil. We are told that Tom’s mother, Merope Gaunt Riddle, chooses her own death instead of staying alive to care for her son.

The books’ tone and plot darken with Rowling’s fifth installment, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2003). Here, Rowling investigates political ideologies as Harry grows more confident, now an intelligent fifteen-year-old who has found family among the friends he fights alongside. And here too, Rowling creates a new level of emotional pain for Harry, which readers experience vicariously, feeling Harry’s agony as Sirius leaves him forever. Following the fifth book’s publication, Rowling’s Harry Potter series had sold two-hundred and fifty million copies worldwide and had been translated into fifty-five languages (Watson par.4). The sixth book broke this record, selling almost nine million copies during the first twenty-four hours of its release (“Potter Book” par.1).

Voldemort, in his ruthless, futile quest for immortality, openly rejects his own humanity. This prevents him from ever really understanding what life is about and what makes it so precious. It blocks him from appreciating the power of love and its fundamental role in human life. It is this failure to recognize and accept his humanity that makes his irredeemable evil possible, and ultimately, is what leads to his defeat. And it is Harry’s acceptance of his mortality that allows him to embrace his humanity and to love. It is this recognition that gives Harry the power to defeat Voldemort. More than that, it makes it possible for Harry to develop into a realized, virtuous adult. In his acceptance of his mortality, “the boy who lived” is able more fully and wholly to live.

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Speculative literature and Harry Potter

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Speculative literature and Harry Potter: What is speculative literature? How far Harry Potter qualifies for the same? Does J K Rowling transcends the confines of speculative literature and claim the heights of ‘real’ literature?

Speculative fiction:-

Speculative fiction is a broad category of fiction encompassing genres with certain elements that do not exist in the real world, often in the context of supernatural, futuristic or other imaginative themes. These include, but are not limited to, science fiction, fantasy, horror, superhero fiction, alternate history, utopian and dystopian fiction, and supernatural fiction, as well as combinations thereof.

In historiography, what is now called speculative fiction has previously been termed "historical invention", "historical fiction", and similar names. It is extensively noted in literary criticism of the works of William Shakespeare as when he co-locates Athenian Duke Theseus and Amazonian Queen Hippolyta, English fairy Puck, and Roman god Cupid across time and space in the Fairyland of its Merovingian Germanic sovereign Oberon in A Midsummer Night's Dream.

In mythography the concept of speculative fiction has been termed "mythopoesis" or mythopoeia, "fictional speculation", the creative design and generation of lore, regarding such works as J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. Such supernatural, alternate history and sexuality themes continue in works produced within the modern speculative fiction genre.

The full name of the school is Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. It was founded over a thousand years ago, by four wizards. The four houses of Hogwarts are named after them.Harry Potter is an orphan, being raised by cartoonishly cruel relatives. On his eleventh birthday, he discovers that he is actually of wizardly lineage, and is invited to attend Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. While there, Harry is constantly butting heads with people from Slytherin House, especially Professor Snape and Draco Malfoy.

He and his friends Ron and Hermione discover that the Philosopher's Stone is being kept at Hogwarts, and that a member of the staff is trying to steal it, to enable Voldemort to return to full incarnate life.

Harry returns for a second year at Hogwarts, but is in trouble even before he gets there. In addition, the new Defense Against the Dark Arts instructor, an egotistical publicity hound, decides that Harry is just like him. However, serious things are happening. The Chamber of Secrets has been opened, and Slytherin's Heir is out to get Muggles and Muggle-born wizards. Students are being found petrified in the halls of Hogwarts. Then, Dumbledore is suspended as Headmaster, and Hagrid is sent to prison.

Shortly before Harry's third year at Hogwarts begins, a prisoner escapes from the dreaded Azkaban Prison. The fugitive, Sirius Black, was convicted of the murder of Harry's parents, as well as being held directly responsible for the deaths of thirteen others.

Shortly before Harry's fourth year at Hogwarts, he attends the Quidditch World Cup, where Ireland defeats Bulgaria, and the Death Eaters stage a rally.

Once back at Hogwarts, it is announced that the first Tri-Wizard tounament in well over a century will be held there, with students from Beauxbatons and Durmstrang (France and Bulgaria, respectively) competing against the selected champion from Hogwarts. After the three champions are chosen, Harry's name magically is added, through no desire of him or his friends.

Bertha Jorkins of the Ministry of Magic is missing, and Barty Crouch has gone into seclusion. To make matters worse, reporter Rita Skeeter of The Daily Prophet is running slander articles on everything going on at Hogwarts, right down to the personal lives of Harry, Hermione, and Ron.

While Harry's still at the Dursleys', he is attacked by dementors. He's taken into protective custody by The Order of the Phoenix.

When he finally gets to Hogwarts, he discovers that the Ministry of Magic, aided by The Daily Prophet, is engaging in an extensive campaign to discredit him. To top it off, Dumbledore is giving him the cold shoulder.

Then, Dolores Umbridge of the Ministry, acting in her role as Head Inquisitor, starts putting new rules in place. No student organizations (such as Quidditch teams) may form or meet without her express permission. Staff may not discuss anything except course content with any student. All correspondence is subject to prior censorship.

About the only good thing that happens to Harry is that Dumbledore directs Professor Snape to provide him private instruction.

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Children’s Literature and Harry Potter

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Children’s Literature and Harry Potter: How far J. K. Rowling does transcend the canonical confines of children’s literature and claims the heights of ‘real’ literature?

Children literature have characteristics like Concept of childhood, Action, Innocence, Fantastic, optimism, illustration, Children’s rights movements and all these and many other characteristics one can find in Harry Potter series of books. J. K. Rowling has done fantastic job. Readers grows with the Harry and His task becomes readers quest to solve the Riddle or find the ultimate solution.

“ Potter changed everything. Suddenly, publishers woke up to the idea that children’s literature was not something that was just read by children, but – crucially – was read by everyone. And the children who grew up reading Harry Potter went on to read children’s books as adults, which is one of the reasons the children’s market is seeing such huge growth.”

Yet Rowling’s books cannot comfortably be classified as adult literature, or at least it seems that to categorize Harry Potter in this way is too threatening to the status quo of what can be considered “serious” literature or high art. It is so intimidating, in fact, that in the year 2000 The New York Times famously created a separate category for best-selling works of children’s literature, unwilling to allow Rowling’s novels to continue their seventy-nine week run on the best-seller list. “The time has come,” declared Charles McGrath, editor of the Book Review, “when we need to clear some room,” and thus the new “Children’s Book” list replaced “Advice, How-To and Miscellaneous” at the bottom of the hardcover page.3 For the most part, publishers and booksellers advocated this change, “complaining that a cluster of popular children’s books can keep deserving adult books off the list.”4 To those who protested this new categorization, arguing that, after all, adults read Harry Potter, too, McGrath’s response was: “if another ‘Harry Potter’ came along, even if it were only on the children’s list, if it were a true crossover book, it would be noticed” by the public. “Being on the kids’ best-seller list wouldn’t ghettoize it,” he claimed. Perhaps McGrath was correct in terms of popularity and book sales.

One of the radical things about the Potter books was the idea of the hero growing older as the series progressed,” says Cunningham, who now heads the children’s publisher Chicken House. “Twenty years ago, that was very unusual, and it enabled the books to address much wider issues, which children’s fiction in the past might have skirted. The Potter books may have been fantasy, but what they really did was to bring children’s books into the land of emotional realism.”

In seven book, one story of Harry grows child to teen age and His mental grown up, his maturity reflects at every stage. Thus, he fit info the definition of hero, who sacrifice for other and have great chivalry. His virtue wind over vices and it teach lesson of morality.

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The discourse of Power and Politics in Harry Potter

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The discourse of Power and Politics in Harry Potter: How does Ministry of Magic control the resistance? How do they prosecute the ‘Other’?

J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series, with its use of magic, frightening storylines, and character ambiguity is beneficial to children who are dealing with issues related to terror and terrorism. The author explains that the scenarios presented in Rowling's series teach children strategies for coping with both physical and psychological victimization, and argues that the series explores morality issues, allowing child readers to analyze terror-related questions such as why some people are considered evil, why difference is often believed to be bad, and why good people do bad things.

It is acknowledged that many critics believe that the same elements claimed as beneficial in the essay are actually immoral and dangerous to child readers. These critics' evaluations are countered in two ways: first, the author uses expert evidence to demonstrate that children are capable of distinguishing between fantasy and reality by the age of 5, making fantasy the most viable means for children to cope with terror; and second, the author examines and interprets specific passages within the series to demonstrate how various scenes lead children to explore important, yet frightening issues while remaining in an emotionally safe state.

The author concludes that the series has proven to be more beneficial than harmful by presenting evidence gathered from actual child readers who state that the Harry Potter series has allowed them to confront and cope with terror and terrorism in their own lives.

In the movie I notify that there Voldemort and Pro. Snape try to become more powerful. Ministries of magic always protected harry and mud blood students. Voldemort’s racism is relative to his desire for power. Voldemort and his Death Eaters’ ascension toward ultimate power, although terrible, is also profoundly characteristic of a bourgeois society, exercising power and wealth over the proletariat.

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Self-Help culture and Harry Potter

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Self-Help culture and Harry Potter: How does it stand by an argument that Self-Help Culture serves as a tool of social control: it sooths political unrest . . . one blames oneself for not getting better off is society and remains in one's own pursuit of self-invention, blaming oneself for the failure rather than the systems?

I think I may be a bit obsessed with my self-help books series. Not sure if I am entertaining myself or anyone else, but it is Harry Potter’s turn! What would the beloved (and hated) characters of this wonderful series have to share in their individual self-help books? Here are my ideas:

Harry Potter:

Ah, the “boy who lived”! We all know his story and the pressures he faced as he sought to save the world, avenge his parents and defeat “he who shall not be named.” Talk about huge expectations he had to live up to and it all sat on his shoulders from infancy. What an amazing book he could write about deciding your own fate and not allowing others to choose your path for you. Title: Steering your own broom.

Hermione Granger:

Such a bright child! Hermione, though muggle-born, was leaps and bounds ahead of her classmates in wizard knowledge, potions and spells. This great intellect was both gifted to her, but also the result of hard work and intense studying. At times her skills (and confidence) was off-putting to others, but she never felt she needed to hide just how capable she was. Her book would encourage other children (especially girls) to be proud of their abilities and never to pretend to be less than they are. Title: Shine your light: Protecting your patronus

Ron Weasley:

As the best friend of Harry Potter and Hermione Granger, it must have been such a challenge to remain positive and self-confident. Harry is a legend and Hermione is better at “everything”, but somehow Ron remains (mostly) loyal and supportive. His value wasn’t in being the best or the brightest, but in being the truest friend. He could offer guidance in finding one’s value in oneself and not in comparison to others. Title: Being the best me I can be.

Severus Snape:

Such a multilayered man, Professor Snape. He started out as the villainous potions teacher who strove to torment/destroy our hero, Harry Potter, and then we learned his own torturous history and undying love for Harry’s mother. Even as we learned more about him, new questions began to form. It never really felt as though we were ever fully able to understand him. He would be a great source of advice on doing the right thing even when it is not popular. Title: Friends in disguise: Seeing behind the enemy’s mask.

Draco Malfoy:

Born of a pair of Voldemort’s followers, Malfoy didn’t have much of a chance of ending up on the side of good. A bully from a young age, Malfoy hid his own insecurities behind a mask of over-confidence and arrogance. Though he ultimately chose not to commit the worst of crimes (Spoiler alert: He refused to kill Dumbledore), Malfoy was often sniveling, jealous and cruel. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if he could write a book detailing the importance of rejecting the negative influences of others? Title: Casting off Evil: Digging deep for the good within

Lord Voldermort:

Tom Marvolo Riddle was a half-blood wizard with a troubled childhood which lead to significant mental health issues. He had an insatiable need for power and extreme hatred for all muggle and half-blood wizards (non-pure bloods). This is especially interesting given his own lack of pure blood status. It reminds me of closeted gay men who bully out gay men. Self-hatred at its finest and he really ran with it. If you can say one positive thing about Voldemort, it is that he was persistent. If he had received numerous hours/weeks/months/years of therapy, Voldemort might have come to realize his destructive actions were really about trying to destroy himself. Title: I deserve to be named.

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Confronting reality by reading fantasy

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Confronting reality by reading fantasy: How does reading Harry Potter make us confront the reality of our everyday existence?

Novels from C.S. Lewis’s classic Chronicles of Narnia series to J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series populate imaginary worlds with mythical beasts, power-seeking tyrants and more.

Characters adventure through worlds where the impossible is possible. Exploring the ‘impossible’ is another common element in fantasy. Magical wands may weave spells that defy the laws of physics as we know them.

The hero of the book is a wizard who attends a school, Hogwarts, where he is learning how to use his powers through studying and learning occult arts such as divination, casting spells, astrology, magical potions, and others. He is not a figure of contemporary pagan religions (such as Wicca), nor is he an imaginary wizard, but he is presented as a real boy who comes to the school to hone his innate magical abilities and develop into a practitioner of occult arts.

Many people today, influenced by television, movies, and fictional books, tend to think that magic is just made-up. There is fantasy magic such as a cartoon figure tapping a wand and turning a mushroom turns into a leopard, or something similar. Real magic is quite different, but does involve an attempt to use supernatural powers, or to connect with powers (sometimes seen as natural) through incantations, spirit contact, spells, reading hidden meanings, "powers" of the mind, and other forms of paranormal activity.

Fantasy highlights some illusions of reality, but the discussion of the above topics has led to the conclusion that while, like Potter, there may be inconsistencies in life, we find continuity and meaning from our memories, senses, mind, identity, etc., that allows us to believe in reality.

There are numerous theories about reality and whether we live in the only reality. While this topic might lead to an interesting discussion, it could also pose potentially unanswerable questions. Fantasy literature, such as Rowling’s Harry Potter series, is attempting to question some of our perceptions of reality. However, if we dwelt upon: dreams, the nature of death, our identity and whether our mind corrupts our perceptions of reality, then the outcome would be that we struggle with everyday existence and life generally, or perhaps end up like Cobb in Inception, no longer believing in only one reality. Soccio comments that philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889-1976), who studied the philosophy of literature and psychotherapy, suggested that people should accept facticity, namely: …facts about our unique way of Being. One of these is throwness, the brute fact that nothing explains our existence. We exist without any explanation, no 137 matter how hard we try to make it otherwise. When we acknowledge this aspect of our facticity, we understand […] that we have been thrown into the world without any explanation of why. We are in the world and then we are not. (Soccio, 2007, p.518) That is, we accept that we will never understand the purpose of our existence because that is the way it is intended. Just as Rowling invites her reader to accept certain concepts and information as truth, we must do the same with our existence and reality. It is unclear whether this is because of the continuity of reality that we experience in everyday life or whether it is easier to just believe in reality. Possibly, we accept this because it conforms to our understanding of a ‘three act’ structure.

We have been dealt a particular set of cards that we call life, and must live according to the rules. In a way, when we experience troubles it is as though we understand the limits of the rules of the game in which we are participants, sometimes unwillingly. It could be concluded that Harry Potter has brought to our attention the illusions of reality taking place around us. In a world where magic is normal the illusions presented to us by Rowling, such as the Mirror of Erised, appear strange only because they are unlike anything we have encountered in our reality. Rowling has shown us that wizards think the Muggle world is too simple69 and perhaps she is making a valid point.

The Wizarding world is undoubtedly complicated, and some wizards do not understand the jobs or beliefs of other witches and wizards70; the same can be said in our world. However, the main difference between the Muggle and Wizarding worlds is that things happen more quickly in the latter because of magic. Commenting on this as he picks a lock without the use of magic, Fred Weasley states: “A lot of wizards think it’s a waste of time, knowing this sort of Muggle trick, but we feel they’re skills worth learning, even if they are a bit slow.” (Rowling, 1998, p.25) Perhaps, like the Anne Fine quote above regarding the real world being solid around us, we like our lives to be simple and most people are content in the knowledge that many questions about life cannot be understood, reality being one of them.

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Discourse on the purity of Blood and Harry Potter

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Discourse on the purity of Blood and Harry Potter: How do the novels play with the thesis of pure blood (Master Race) giving an anti-thesis by belonging protagonists to half-blood / Mud-blood? What sort of synthesis is sought in this discourse in Harry Potter series?

The wizarding world has its own sociopolitical hierarchy, with purebloods (wizards born to two wizard parents) at the top, followed by half-bloods (wizards with one Muggle parent), Muggle-borns (wizards born to nonmagical parents who are occasionally referred to by the slur “mudblood”), and squibs (nonmagical people born to wizard parents). Muggles are below all of these. However, despite the breadth of the Potter empire, Rowling never dives into the biases inherent among wizards that make these distinctions necessary or examines the tendency to look the other way when oppression is happening under our noses.

I would explore many other directions with this book series. One such possibility for future study is a Freudian investigation of the “lost boys,” that is: Harry, Snape and Voldemort. Another research idea with potential is to study the etymology of the many terms and names used (or created) for this series; even a cursory glance at those words reveal that there are some language patterns present, though the definitions and uses of the words themselves would be interesting to look more closely into.

Other important areas of study include a feminist approach (perhaps investigating how the female characters function in the story), a look at the representation (or lack thereof) of LGBTQ characters – other than Dumbledore, because surely the lack of adolescents with such identities are not representative of real life - or, rather, a look at the pedagogical methods and changes that occur within Hogwarts, but another question, and perhaps one of the hardest questions to answer, would be to look at the problematic nature of how Rowling’s anti-racist sentiments are designed; that is, should we be discussing (as I have done) the work itself, or her treatment of the work?

Though the outlook of this series includes optimistic messages of equality 54 and ethnic diversity, Rowling has received quite a bit of criticism for the lack of diversity presented in her human characters. However, as the literary merit of the series becomes more established, and more widely used in schools (from primary to university levels), it is probably most beneficial to examine how this young adult series might be further adapted for classroom use and discussion.

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